Joseph t



(fio Model.)

- J.T.BEDF-ORD.

MODE OF AND MACHINE FOR WAXING PAPER. No. 254,105. Y Patented Feb.28,1882.

N. PEIKRS. Phom-Lilhowhnr. wmimw, 0.6,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH '1. BEDFORD,

onv NEW YORK, n. Y.

M ODE OF AND MACHINE FOR WAXING PAPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of'Letters Patent No. 254,105, dated February28, 1882.

' Application filed June 3, 1881. (No model.)

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J osnrn T. BEnFonD, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have in '10 otherwax has been manufactured both by hand and machinery; and my inventionrelates, first, to an improvement in the mode or process by which theparaffine is forced into the body and applied to either one or bothsurfaces of the paper. It also relates to certain means, hereinafterdescribed, whereby the mode or process is performed.

In modes or processes heretofore known the paraffine isnot introducedinto the body of the paper by a rubbing action, but simply by bringingthe moving paper in contact with either a stationary or rotatingpara-ffine feeder or supplier; nor has the paraffine been ap 2 5 pliedto both surfaces of the paper by upper and lower feeders or suppliers;nor have the same combinations of parts which 1 adopt been employed forheatln g and conducting the paper to the proper point for receiving uponits surfaces the melted paraffine or other wax, and to the roll uponwhich it is wound; neither has the same combination of parts which Iemploy for heating the paraiflne in its tanks'and for heating the paperduring the operation of the 3 5 machine been devised.

My mode or process consists in applying parafline or other wax in verythin films and rubbing it into the body of traveling heated paper,instead of first applying a thick coat of 0 the paraffine tocoldtraveling paper and subsequently heating the thus coated paper for thepurpose of drawing or causing the paraffine by capillary attraction toflow into the body'of the paper, then scraping off the surplus paraffine5 from the paper and further heating and ironing the paper in order tosmooth the roughened surface produced by the scraping operation.

The mode or process which I have invented will be more readilyunderstood from the fol- 5o lowing illustration: Allow melted wax from aparaffine candle to drop upon your hand or coat and it becomes hardimmediately. This is due to two causesfirst,because your hand, thoughquite warm, is colder than the parafline, and, second, because the dropis thick and your hand has not heat enough to prevent it from coolingwhen thus thick; but if you should lay on your hand a thinner layer ofmelted wax it would not cool so fast. The applying of the wax in a thickcoat first and providing for subsequent removal of any surplus quantityhas been one difficulty with the most perfect modes or processesheretofore devised for manufacturing paraffine or wax paper, and by mymode or process I have greatly improved the character of thismanufacture, as well as cheapened the means necessary for itsproduction; and,

besides this, I amenabled to apply the paraffine or wax to both surfacesof the paper, and thus give it a more highly finished appearance on itsheretofore unwaxed surface. A My combinations of mechanism comprise-First, felt feeders applied nearly in contact with a hollow revolvingheated roller andcaused to reciprocate in a tank containing meltedparaffine or other wax, and by capillary attraction and a rubbing actionto apply melted wax in infinitesimally thin films to the surface of thepaper, and apreparatory hollow revolving roller for heating the paper asit comes from the supply-roll. v

Second, a tank for containing paraffine or other wax, provided withsteam-pipes on its bottom for keeping the paraffine melted, recip--rocating felt feeders partly immersed in the paraffine of the tank, ahollow revolving heatin g-roller, a hollow revolving roller for heatingand presenting the paperto the felt feederg and deflecting-rollers, bywhich,'in connection with the arrangement oft'he heating-rollers, thepaper is brought in contact with the felt feeders in a curved form, andalso is made to keep in contact with a very large portion of thecircumference of the hollow heating cylinders or rollers during itspassage from the supplying to the receiving roll.

Third, an auxiliary waxing mechanism for applying a thin film ofparaffine or wax to the upper surface of the paper,in combination withthe main mechanism for rubbing the paraffine or wax into the paper froma point beneath IOO the paper. This combination embraces an ad ditionalhollow heating-roller applied beneath the felt feeder of the auxiliarytank, and answering the same purpose of the hollow heating-roller placedabove the main felt feeders.

Fourth, means for adjusting the reciprocating felt feeders to theroller.

Fifth, means for operating the felt feeders.

Sixth, the supplying-roll, the deflecting and heating rolls, the mainand auxiliary mechanisms for applying the paraffine or other wax to bothsurfaces of the paper, main and auxiliary tanks for holding and heatingthe paraffine, and roll for receiving the finished paper.

Seventh, an upper tank provided with steampipes on its bottom forheating the paraftine, a felt holder or clamp, and a regulating-valveapplied centrally over the perforated and raised portion of the feltholder or clamp.

Eighth, a tank, heating and deflecting rollers, and felt feeders 5 and,ninth, an improved clamp.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinalsection of myimproved machine. Fig. 2 is a front view with portions ofthe tanks broken away to expose the parts. Fig. 3 is a detail top view,showing the reciprocating felt-holding clamps and the mechanism in partwhereby they are actuated.

The frame A of the machine may be of any suitable form and construction,and at its front the usual supply-roll, B, and at its back the usualreceiving-roll, 0, are applied, as shown, or in any other moreappropriate manner.

Between the rolls B and O, and on higher planes, are arranged threehollow rollers, D D D. These rollers are preferably made of metal,andthey are of equal diameter, and two of them, D D, are arranged withtheir axes on the same horizontal plane, while the other one is placedwith its axis on a much lower horizontal plane than rollers D D, and soas to occupy a position midway between the rollers D D, as shown. Thethree rollers thus arranged stand in a triangular relation, and those DD slightly overhang the roller D and all of them are heated by asuitable medium applied on their insides. Hot air or steam may beadopted as the means for heating the rollers D D D Forward of the rollerD a roller, E, of smaller diameter than the heatingrollers, is applied,so as to deflect the paper out of a straight line, and thereby cause itto inclose a larger portion of the periphery of the roller D in itspassage to the waxing mechanism. This roller E, in connection with thelower roller, D causes the paper to come in contact with a very largeamount of the heating-surface presented by the roller D, while theroller D, in connection with the rollers D and D causes the paper tocome in contact with a very large amount of theheating-surface presentedby the roller D and in turn the roller D causes the paper to come incontact with a large amount of the heating-surface presented by theroller D. If the paper is not to be supplied with paraffine or other waxon its upper surface from an auxiliary tank, as presently described, theroller D need not be hollow nor heated, as nothing further is requiredwith my machine to finish the paper than to rub the wax or paraffineinto its body.

Beneath the three rollers D D D a paraffine or other wax tank, F, isplaced, and upon the bottom of this tank steam-pipes for keepin g thewax melted are applied,as indicated at a a. In this tank the paraffineis placed, and within the tank, so as to be partly immersed in theparaffine, are placed two felt feeders, G G, having concave upper edgeswhich correspond with the eylindrical surface of the roller D and comenearly in close contact with the same. These feeders conduct theparaffine up to the paper by capillary attraction in the same manner asset forth in a former patent granted to me; but they differ from thosein my aforesaid patent in being moved back and forth as the papertravels around the lower portion of the periphery of the roller D and bysaid back and forward movement these feeders rub the parafline, which issupplied in very thin films, into the body of the paper, and thereby atonce completely wax and finish it. The feeders are applied withinsuitable holding-clamps, H H, each of which has a hinged or movable jaw,f, as shown. These feeders and their clamps are suspended by means ofangular hangers J upon guide-bars I of the frame. The hinges b of thejawsfare a little above the bottom edges of the jaws, and the pivots ofthe hinges turn in fixed end portions of the stationary jawsf of theclamps, as indicated at 11. Below the hinges b elastic leverarms J arefastened to the movable jaws f, said arms being provided at their upperends with set-screws c, which bear against the hangers J. By means ofthe lever-arms J, set-screws c, and hinges b the upper portions of thejaws fare caused to press upon the upper portions of the felt feeders,and thereby regulate the flow upward of the parafiine. The guide-bars Iare provided with lever-arms a and set-screws 0 by means of which theguide-bars I can be made to bring the felt feeders in proper relation tothe roller D In order to keep the felt feeders within the clamps, smallwires dare passed through them and the jawsff.v These wires at theirinner ends fit in large holes formed in the jawsf, while their otherends may be fastened to the jawsf, and thus they do not interfere withthe movement of thejawsf.

The clamps or felt-holders II II are held in position and in properrelation to the roller D by the guide-bars I, while they slide freelyback and forth parallel with the roller D This sliding movement issecured by the rocking bar K, connecting-rods g g, crank-arm It,connecting-rod t, and eccentric j, as shown. The eccentric-shaft j isprovided with a pulley, l, which, by means of a belt, m, is geared withthe shaft of the roller D, and by this means the felt feeders are causedto reciprocate lengthwise of the roller while the rollerD is revolved.

black lines.

' paper as it passes oventhe roller'D.

The paper, after being waxed upon its under surface, may have a glossimparted to its upper or other surface by applying a verysmall quantityof paraffine or other wax directly upon said surface, and foraccomplishing this an auxiliary tank, M, with steam-heating pipes 12 nand a stationary felt feeder, N, is applied on top of the frame A of themachine, as shown. This tank is so located that the felt feederimpinges, or nearly so, upon the center of the periphery of the rollerD, and by its lower curved edge applies paraffine or other Wax upon theThe bottom of the tank is constructed with a felt-holder, which extendsup some distance above the steam-heating pipes n n, and through the topof this felt-holdera number of supply-passages, p, are made, and abovethese passages a valve, g, on the lower end of a vertical rod, r, isarranged, for the purpose of regulating and at times shutting off thesupply of parafiine from the felt feeder N.

It will be seen that the paper passes over the roller D and is firstheated. Then from this roller it passes under the heatingroller D whereit is waxed by the reciprocating felt feedersrubbing thinly-appliedfilms of wax into its body, leaving possibly its under surface finishedwith a thin film of wax, which gives a finish and gloss to the same. Thepaper thus waxed passes over the roller D, and is by it heated, andwhile in this condition a small quantity of wax isapplied to its uppersurface by means of the felt feeder N, in order that this surface mayhave a glossy appearance.

With my very simple process and mechanism first-elass paper, known as"waxed paper, can be made very rapidly and at very much less expensethan heretofore.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The herein-described mode or process of making waxed paper,consisting in heating the paper before it is waxed, supplying theparaffine or other wax to the paper in thin films, at points above themass or body of paraffine, by having it pass through felt rubbers orfeeders by capillary attraction, and reheating the paper and waxthereon, and simultaneously rubbing the thin films of paraffine into thetraveling heated paper, substantially as described.

2. The combination of felt feeders, applied nearly in contact with arevolving hollow heated roller, and caused to reciprocate in a tankcontaining melted paraffine or other wax, and by capillary attractionand a rubbing action to apply melted wax in thin films to the surface ofthe paper, and a hollow revolving roller for heating the paper betweenthe supply-roll and the tank, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

3. The combination of a paraffine or other wax-holding tank, providedwith steam-pipes for keeping the Wax melted, reciprocating felt feederspartly immersed in the tank, hollow revolving heating-rollers D D anddeflectingrollers, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

4. The combination of the auxiliary or upper waxing mechanism, providedwith a felt feeder, with the lower main waxing mechanism, also providedwith a felt feeder, which by capillary attraction supplies the paraffineto the paper in thin films at points above the mass or body ofparaffine, and with hollow rolls which heat and deflect the paper,substantially as described.

5. The felt feeders applied in clamps, and made adjustable by means ofrocking guidebars I, lever-arms c and set-screws, substantially as andfor the purpose described.

6. Felt feeders, in combination with mechanism, substantially asdescribed, whereby they are reciprocated beneath the paper and withinthe paraffine or other wax-holdin g tank, as set forth.

7. The combination of the supplying-roll,

heating-rolls, main and auxiliary waxing mechanisms, providedrespectively with a felt feeder, main and auxiliary tanks for holdingand keeping the paraffime or other wax melted, and a roll for receivingthe waxed paper, the whole being substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

S. The upper tank provided with steam-pipes for heating the paraffine orother wax, a felt.

holder or clamp, and a regulating-valve applied centrally over theperforated and, raised portion of the felt-holder, substantially asdescribed.

9. The'eombination of a felt feeder, a tank for holding the paraffine'or other wax, and hollow heating-rollers D D D arranged in a triangle,or nearly so, substantially as and for the purpose described.

10. The clamps H, having hinged innerjaws, f, lever-arms J, andset-screws a, substantially as described.

JOSEPH T. BEDFORD.

Witnesses:

D. BLANOHARD, R. DHEURnUsn.

